Communiqué on National Expenditures on Science and Technology in 2011
By CnAgri2012-10-29 19:27:57
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National Bureau of Statistics
Ministry of Science and Technology
Ministry of Finance
25 September 2012
In 2011, China’s total expenditures on science and technology (S&T) continued to maintain a stable growth. The expenditures of research and development (R&D) funds have increased steadily, the input intensity has improved.
I. Research and Experimental Development (R & D) expenditures
In 2011, national total R&D expenditures reached 868.7 billion yuan, jumped 162.44 billion yuan year-on-year, up by 23.0 percent, and with 1.84 percent of input intensity (the proportion of R&D expenditures to GDP), higher than 1.76 percent in previous year. The average R&D expenditure per capita by R&D personnel (full-time work) was 301 thousand yuan, 25 thousand yuan more than that in the previous year.
In terms of different types of activities, the expenditure on basic research hit 41.18 billion yuan, increased 26.9 percent year-on-year; the expenditure on applied research stood at 102.84 billion yuan, increased 15.1 percent; the expenditure on experimental development totaled 724.68 billion yuan, climbing 24.0 percent. Basic research, applied research and experimental development accounted for the proportion of the total expenditure on R&D funding was 4.7, 11.8 and 83.5 percent, respectively.
In terms of different executive departments, the expenditures by all types of enterprises reached 657.93 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 26.9 percent; the expenditures by research institutions subordinated to the government departments arrived at 130.67 billion yuan, grew 10.1 percent; the expenditures by universities amounted for 68.89 billion yuan, climbed 15.3 percent. The proportion of expenditures among enterprises, subordinated to the government departments, and universities was 75.7, 15.0, and 7.9 percent, respectively.
In terms of different industrial sectors*, there were 8 industries with R&D expenditure exceeded 20.0 billion yuan, the total R&D expenditure of the 8 industries took a share of 72 percent to that of all industrial enterprises above designated size. There were 11 industries (by industry, see Appendix I) with the R&D expenditures intensity (the ratio to the principal business revenue) exceeding the average level of 0.71 percent of all industrial enterprises above designated size.
In terms of different regions, there were 8 provinces and municipalities with R&D expenditures more than 30 billion yuan; they are Jiangsu, Guangdong, Beijing, Shandong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Liaoning, and Hubei. The total expenditures of the above 8 provinces and municipalities reached at 577.47 billion yuan, accounting for 66.5 percent to national total R&D expenditures. There were 8 provinces and municipalities with R&D expenditures intensity at or above national average level: Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Shandong, and Zhejiang (by region, see Appendix II).
II. S&T funds allocated by finance
In 2011, S&T funds allocated by national finance amounted to 490.26 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 78.82 billion yuan, and rose 19.2 percent, sharing 4.49 percent to national financial expenditure.
Financial Allocation for Science and Technology in 2011 | |||
| S&T funds allocated by finance (10,000 million yuan) | Y/Y | Ratio accounted to national financial expenditure (%) |
Total | 4902.6 | 19.2 | — |
Of which: Expenditures in S&T promotions | 3828.0 | 17.8 | 78.1 |
Other features of expenditures for science and technology expenditures | 1074.6 | 24.3 | 21.9 |
Of which: Central | 2469.0 | 20.7 | 50.4 |
Local | 2433.6 | 17.7 | 49.6 |
In 2006 and prior fiscal spending on technology, including three items of expenditure on S & T, science operating expenses, expenditure on capital construction for scientific researches, and other research operating expenses; in 2007, after the reform of government revenue and expenditure classification system, fiscal expenditure including S & T courses and other functions under the expenditure for it; the technology spending before and after the fiscal year covered basically the same. | |||
Appendix I R&D Expenditures above Designated Size Enterprises by Industry in 2011
